منتديات المُنى والأرب - Adjectives ending in ‘-ing’ or ‘-ed’

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Adjectives ending in ‘-ing’ or ‘-ed’

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Main points

Many adjectives ending in ‘-ing’ describe the effect that something has on someone's feelings.
Some adjectives ending in ‘-ing’ describe a process or state that continues over a period of time.
Many adjectives ending in ‘-ed’ describe people's feelings.

1. You use many ‘-ing’ adjectives to describe the effect that something has on your feelings, or on the feelings of people in general. For example, if you talk about ‘a surprising number’, you mean that the number surprises you.

alarming
amazing
annoying
astonishing
boringcharming
confusing
convincing
depressing
disappointingembarrassing
exciting
frightening
interesting
shockingsurprising
terrifying
tiring
welcoming
worrying

He lives in a charming house just outside the town.
She always has a warm welcoming smile.
Most ‘-ing’ adjectives have a related transitive verb.
2. You use some ‘-ing’ adjectives to describe something that continues over a period of time.

ageing
boomingdecreasing
dyingexisting
increasingliving
remaining

Britain is an ageing society.
Increasing prices are making food very expensive.
These adjectives have related intransitive verbs.
3. Many ‘-ed’ adjectives describe people's feelings. They have the same form as the past participle of a transitive verb and have a passive meaning. For example, ‘a frightened person’ is a person who has been frightened by something.

alarmed
amused
astonished
boreddelighted
depressed
disappointed
excitedfrightened
interested
satisfied
shockedsurprised
tired
troubled
worried

She looks alarmed about something.
A bored student complained to his teacher.
She had big blue frightened eyes.
Note that the past participles of irregular verbs do not end in ‘-ed’, but can be used as adjectives.
The bird had a broken wing.
His coat was dirty and torn.
4. Like other adjectives, ‘-ing’ and ‘-ed’ adjectives can be:

used in front of a nounThey still show amazing loyalty to their parents.
This is the most terrifying tale ever written.
I was thanked by the satisfied customer.
The worried authorities cancelled the match.
used after link verbsIt's amazing what they can do.
The present situation is terrifying.
He felt satisfied with all the work he had done.
My husband was worried.
modified by adverbials such as ‘quite‘, ‘really‘, and ‘very’The film was quite boring.
There is nothing very surprising in this.
She was quite astonished at his behaviour.
He was a very disappointed young man.
used in the comparative and superlativeHis argument was more convincing than mine.
He became even more depressed after she died.
This is one of the most boring books I've ever read.
She was the most interested in going to the cinema.

5. A small number of ‘-ed‘ adjectives are normally only used after link verbs such as ‘be‘, ‘become‘, or ‘feel‘. They are related to transitive verbs, and are often followed by a prepositional phrase, a ‘to‘-infinitive clause, or a ‘that‘-clause.
convinced
delighted
finishedinterested
involved
pleasedprepared
scared
thrilledtired
touched
worried

The Brazilians are pleased with the results.
He was always prepared to account for his actions.
She was scared that they would find her.

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QUIZ

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Adjectives Ending with -ed and -ing

Sue: Hi, Jane. Have you had an (interest) day?
Answer
interesting

Jane: I've had a very (excite) day. It's my birthday today.
Answer
exciting

Sue: I'm a little (confuse). I thought your birthday was next month.

Answer
confused

Jane No, that's my brother's birthday. Mine is today.

Sue: Oh! Now I'm (embarrass). I didn't get you a present.

Answer
embarrassed

Jane: That's (disappoint). But it's OK.

Answer
disappointing

Sue: Now I'm (depress), too.

Answer
depressed

Hey, I've just had a (fascinate) idea.

Answer
fascinating

Why don't we go shopping and get you a present right now? That way we can get you something really (please).

Answer
pleasing

Jane: What an (enchant) idea. Where shall we start?

Answer
enchanting

Sue: What about right here?

Bill: Hi, Mark. You look (tire).

Answer
tired
.
Mark: I am. I'm totally (exhaust).

Answer
exhausted
.
Bill: Why? What have you been doing?
Mark: I've been getting my house ready for the painters to come tomorrow. Now they ring me to tell me, yet again, that they can't come till next week. I'm getting very (annoy) with them..
Answer
annoyed

Bill: That's (disappoint). Answerdisappointing

I'll bet that you'll be (please) when it's finished.

Answer
pleased

Mark: You're not wrong! I'm starting to get very (bore) with all the delays. Answerbored

It's (distress).

Answer
distressing.

Bill: You must be so (frustrate). When do they think they will finish painting you house.

Answer
frustrated

Mark: They say that it will take about two weeks to finish. But when they will start I don't know.

Bill: Don't be too (depress).

Answer
depressed

Just think of how (relieve) you'll be when it's finished.

Answer
relieved

Mark: That's the (frighten) thing. I'm starting to believe that it will never be finished. Answerfrightening

Bill: What a (shock) thought.

Answer shocking

Never mind. One day soon you'll wake up with the (relax) thought that it's finished and you don't have to worry about it anymore.

Answer relaxing

Mark: I hope you're right.

Amy: Have you heard the (suprise) news about Alice and Ted?

Answer suprising

Cathy: You mean about their getting married. Yes, I have. I was absolutely (astonish) when I heard about it.
Answer astonished

I thought it was the most (astound) thing I'd heard in a long time. They're always fighting like cats and dogs.

Answer astounding

Amy: I agree with you. I was pretty (shock) when I heard about it myself. Answershocked

Cathy: Actually, I'm (relieve). Answer relieved

I was always (worry) that they would break up. Now I can relax.

Answer worried

Amy: What a (depress) idea. Answer depressing

But you're right. That would be an (upset) thing to happen.

Answer upsetting

Cathy: Now we can all relax knowing that they will live a life of (content), (wed) bliss. Answer contented
Answer wedded

Amy: You're so right. I just love weddings. They're so (fascinate). Answer fascinating

Good Topic dear
&
good deed